Understanding Maternal Mental Health
The period of time during pregnancy and up to 2 years after childbirth is called the perinatal period. While it is an exciting time for a woman and her family, it can also be quite stressful and overwhelming. Maternal Mental Health or Perinatal Mental Health are interchangeable terms referring to the overall emotional, social, and mental wellbeing of a woman during this period.
The Global State of Maternal Maternal Health
At least 1 in 5 women experience mental health challenges in the perinatal period globally.
Suicide is a leading cause of death in the perinatal period. It accounts for 20% of maternal deaths and this number is rising.
Why Does Maternal Mental Health Matter?
Mental wellbeing is an important aspect of a woman's overall health. Good mental health is associated with better infant-parent bonding and child development. Millions of mothers around the world never receive a diagnosis or professional treatment for mental health conditions, particularly in low income settings. This treatment gap leads to unnecessary suffering, deepens inequalities, and prevents mothers, babies, and their families from reaching their highest potential.
Which mental health conditions do mothers experience?
The most common conditions are Postpartum Depression, which is characterized by prolonged periods of sadness and loss of pleasure in life, and Postpartum anxiety, which is characterized by feelings of restlessness and stress. When these conditions go untreated, they may develop into more serious conditions such as Postpartum Psychosis, which affects a person’s sense of reality, causing hallucinations, delusions, or paranoia.
There are many other perinatal mental health conditions that a mother can experience, and they vary in severity. We also need to remember that not all emotional changes are indicative of an underlying mental health condition. Many mothers experience the
"Baby Blues" - emotional changes that last about two weeks after delivery and aren't harmful. It is important to contact a healthcare professional if you are unsure or concerned about yours or a loved one's wellbeing.
How to recognize perinatal mental health conditions.
Although every mother's experience is different, there are some common signs and risk factors that we can look out for.
Signs
Feeling sad, worthless, or hopeless
Social
withdrawal
Feeling irritable or stressed
No lnger
Understanding Maternal Mental Health
Why Maternal Mental Health Matters
Common Maternal Mental Health Conditions & Signs and symptoms
Causes and Contributing Factors
Who Is at Risk/Risk Factors
Treatment & Support